degree as a Black, female graduate student". She wrote, "My mathematical isolation was complete", and that "it took a faith in scholarship almost beyond measure to endure the stress of earning a Ph.D. She was not allowed to teach, was unable to attend professor Robert Lee Moore's lectures, and could not join off-campus meetings because they were held in a coffee shop which could not, under Texas law, serve African Americans. She was the only African American and only woman in the class, and at first her classmates ignored her. After another year of teaching she decided to attend the University of Texas full-time as a graduate student. She was refused admission at Baylor University due to segregation and instead attend summer courses at the University of Texas. Career Īfter earning her master's, she chaired the Mathematics department at Paul Quinn College for seven years and then at Bishop College for one year before deciding to take further graduate mathematics course. Granville was one of the first of five African-American women to earn her Ph.D. Vivienne switched from medicine to mathematics after she began studying under Evelyn Boyd Granville and Lee Lorch. She entered Fisk University at the age of 16 where she earned a bachelor's degree (1952) and a master's degree (1954). She encountered educational challenges associated with growing up in an African-American community in the South, including racially segregated schools, but the encouragement of her parents, both educators, led her to avidly pursue her own education. Vivienne Lucille Malone was born on February 10, 1932, in Waco, Texas, to Pizarro and Vera Estelle Allen Malone. She was the fifth African-American woman to gain a PhD in mathematics in the United States, and the first African-American member of the faculty of Baylor University. Malone-Mayes studied properties of functions, as well as methods of teaching mathematics. Vivienne Lucille Malone-Mayes (Febru– June 9, 1995) was an American mathematician and professor.
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